Top 5 Programming Languages for Beginners
The dictionary definition of a computer is that it is an electronic device capable of performing computations. It has many peripherals like a monitor and keyboard to accept or display data to users and memory to store information but the heart of the computer is its processor which does all the thinking for the computer. But since it is a machine, these computers they really can't do anything on their own. So to get any job done using the computer we need to give instructions to this computer and according to our instructions, these computers will work. These instructions which are given to the computer are called "Program" and the person who is going to write these instructions or who is going to give this instruction is called as a "Programmer". Now the languages in which these instructions are written are called as "Programming Language". So here the programmer will use any of the programming language available and write the computer program or the instructions and according to this program, the computer will work.
For a computer programming beginner, it is difficult to select the programming language to start learning programming. So here we will guide you to start your programming journey with these programming languages, which will make your learning easy. Below is the list of 5 programming languages in order, which computer programming beginner should learn.
5 Best Computer Programming Languages for Beginners
1. C Programming Language
C is developed by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Labs between 1969 and 1973 and it is especially developed for UNIX operating system. C is evolved from B and B is evolved from BCPL. Many languages like C++, C#, Java, Python, PHP, JavaScript are borrowed directly or indirectly from C. Educational institutes and software industries prefer C as the primary language to learn. The C standards have been maintained by ANSI( American National Standards Institute) subsequently by ISO International Organization for Standardization.
Why Should You Learn C Programming Language? : C programming has one of the widest used of all programming languages, including its variants. And it has been around for a long time. It was used for centuries across Europe and in theory learning it makes Italian and Portuguese easier. Learning C teaches you good practices that help you as a programmer, though it can be time-consuming to learn C. C is often called a low-level language. You can jump in and get started with other languages high-level languages like Java or JavaScript. Learning something like C teaches you more about data types, pointers, passing values by reference. In the end, this makes you a better programmer. If you want to get into programming, learning C is going to give you a phenomenal head start. Because it has been around for 30 years and you can also find a job migrating their systems? Because it is hard, so once you learn that, everything else is easier. C is a functional programming language. Most modern applications are object-oriented. Object-oriented code is easier to use and re-use. C is far faster to execute on the server. On the plus side, you don’t have as many code modules to debug, if something goes wrong in C. The application of C Programming Language is used for developing desktop applications and system software.
Feature of C programming language :
1. Robust and Simple: C Programming Language is very simple and easy to learn and it has a structured approach which used to break the problems into parts.
2. Fast and efficient: C is far faster to execute on the server since there are very few in-built functions. So, the compilation and execution time of the C language is fast.
3. Machine Independent or Portable: C programming language is Machine Independent, you can execute the same code on a different machine with some machine-specific changes.
4. Memory management: C programming language supports dynamic memory allocation. In C, we can deallocate the memory by calling the free() function.
5. Pointers: By using pointer we can interact with memory directly. The pointer can be used for memory, structures, functions, array.
6. Extensible: New features easily adopt by C, So it is Extensible.
Hello World Program In C Programming Language:
// First C Program
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
// printf() displays the string inside quotation
printf("Hello, World!");
return 0;
}
2. C++ Programming Language
C++ is one of the most popular programming languages. The C++ programming language was created by “Bjarne Stroustrup†and his team in 1979 at the Bell Laboratories of New Jersey. When the language was created, Bjarne didn't directly called it as “C++â€, Instead they called it as “C with classesâ€. During the 1970s C programming language was one of the most used and the most popular programming language and today also C programming language is one of the most famous programming languages. But C programming language has its own limitations. Now the problem with C programming language was as the programming complexity increased and the programs tend to become larger, it was difficult to manage and write the code using the C language for those complex computational task. So Bjarne Strostroup and his team they started working on the C programming language they added a lot of features, the main feature they added was the object-oriented programming features and then they created this new language called as “C with classesâ€.
This object-oriented programming is an entirely different programming approach from the programming approach used in the C language. “C with classes†was mainly influenced by another object-oriented programming language which was existing during 1979 called the simula67. So new language “C with classes†contain features from two great programming languages C programming language and simula67. The new language which was created “C with classes†was a better choice for writing the programs where the programmers have to perform some Complex programming operations. And after that in 1983 they renamed this “C with classes†with “C++†where ++ it is actually an operator from the C language and this ++ is an increment operator and since the new language is an incrementation of the C language, so they named it as C++.
Why Should You Learn C++ Programming Language? : C++ is one of the four languages used to develop apps for Windows 8. A large part of MySQL and Adobe were written in C++. Adobe Flash is being replaced by HTML5, the same way Flash supplanted Silverlight by Microsoft. C++ was a big language, especially in the 1980s. In 2000, Microsoft released a version of C++ compatible with dot-net. Microsoft proved it was past, its prime when they stopped supporting Windows XP, . C can not handle major text processing or object handling for that, you need C++. C++ is popular for gaming development. It used to be the only option for multiplayer games over networks and 3D games because it offered greater control over audio and video output. C++ was easier to learn because it had a smaller vocabulary, and every hardware manufacturer has a compiler for it. C++ is commonly used in the open-source market. Mostly because of the C++ and Windows ties. Learn C++ to create drivers, control audio cards, build games, and enterprise apps.
Feature of C++ programming language :
1. Platform Dependent: C++ Program cannot run or execute it only on that operating system where it is developed & compiled.
2. Structured programming language: In C++ the code is modules and modules are loosely coupled. Modular code is easy to understand & modify.
3. Powerful & Fast: In C++ programming language compilation and execution time is less.
4. Memory management: C++ programming language supports dynamic memory allocation. In C, we can deallocate the memory by calling the free() function.
5. Pointers: By using pointer we can interact with memory directly. The pointer can be used for memory, structures, functions, array.
6. Compiler based: C++ is a compiler-based programming language, without compilation, no C++ program can be executed.
Hello World Program In C++ Programming Language:
// First C++ Program
#include <iostream>
int main() {
// std::cout displays the string
std::cout << "Hello World!";
return 0;
}
3. Java Programming Language
Java is a high-level, general-purpose programming language developed by a small team, headed by James Gosling and Patrick Naughton at Sun Microsystems in 1991. It is currently owned by Oracle Corporation. It was designed to be small, simple, and portable across platforms and operating systems. It was initially developed for consumer devices. Later it has become a popular platform to develop enterprise applications. Java 13 is the latest version of Java which was released in September 2019.
Why Should You Learn Java Programming Language? : Learning an object-oriented language like Java gives you the basic skills to learn another OOP language. Java is easy to learn. Java is sometimes slow and can seem unwieldy. Because Java is open-source, it is used in far more places than some of its competitors. One job placement firm did a marketplace analysis and found that 20% of the openings called for Java skills, either alone or in addition to other programming languages. Marketability is a valid reason to learn a language, no matter how hard. Java has a rich API, too and those applets are known for failing. Or, generating a lot of incomprehensible error messages. Java API is used for networking, database connections, inputs/outputs, and utilities.
What Java can’t do is used by things like Apache. This is why badly built websites give you both Java and Apache errors. Java is the go-to language for mobile devices. Objective C is limited to the iPhone, but you can write apps for the iPhone in Java. You can use Java to build Android apps, Linux programs, or web apps. Java lets you write apps or web pages or web apps. It’s versatile. It’s also device agnostic, meaning it doesn’t care what device it is on, much less the OS.
Feature of Java programming language :
1. Simple: Java is easy to learn and high-level, general-purpose programming language.
2. Object-Oriented: As java is based on Object Model so it can be easily extended.
3. Platform Independent: Java is guaranteed to be write-once, run-anywhere language.
4. Secure: Java program runs on Java runtime environment with almost null interaction with system OS.
5. Multi-Threading: Java multithreading feature means it is possible to write a program that can do many tasks simultaneously.
6. Distributed: Java programs can be designed to run on computer networks. Java has a special class library for communicating using TCP/IP protocols.
Hello World Program In Java Programming Language:
// First Java Program
public class LFC
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
// println displays the string
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}
4. Python Programming Language
Python: Python was created by Guido van Rossum in 1991 as a general-purpose programming language. It is an interactive and interpreted language. It supports both structured and object-oriented style of programming. Python is an open-source language under a general public license(GPL). The advantage of Python is that it has a wide range of libraries and built-in functions that aid in the rapid development of applications. Python is easy to learn and follows a simple syntax, so it is a good choice for beginners.
Why Should You Learn Python Programming Language? : Programming with Python provides a lot of choices as Python has an array of frameworks for developing a website. The most popular frameworks available in Python are Django, flask, pylons, and web2py. The core reason which makes the code a lot faster and stable. When you once start using these framework you will never look back to PHP or any other programming language. Python has the ability to do complex calculations with just a single statement furthermore libraries such as PyTorch and TensorFlow. Python is a part of AI and machine learning so artificial intelligence is the broader concept of machines being able to carry out tasks in a way that we consider smart and hence you can also boost up the overall productivity of the company by saving their time and money.
Python supports parallel computing we can use Python for a loop as well so in Python we have a library called PYDoop, where you can write a MapReduce program in python and process data which is present in the HDFS cluster. There are many of the libraries such as Dask and PySpark for big data processing. Python is the leading language for many data scientists now for years Academy scholars and Python field researchers were using the MATLAB language for scientific research now that all started to change with the release the numerical engines such as NumPy and pandas. Python also deals with the tabular matrix as well as statistical data and it also visualizes it with popular libraries such as matplotlib and Seaborn.
Feature of Python programming language :
Features :
1. Simple: Python which is extremely simple and easy to learn so python is easy to read easy to learn since it closely resembles your English language it is a very powerful language and it takes absolutely no skills to learn.
2. Portable: Python is supported by the most platforms present in the industry today it could be a Windows platform it could be Macintosh.
3. Python is open source: The Python implementation is under an open-source license that makes it freely usable and distributable, even for commercial use.
4. Python is extensible: Python has a large range of libraries and built-in functions which helps in the easy and rapid development of applications.
5. Python is Interactive: Python provides the user with a command prompt where one can interact directly with the interpreter to write programs.
6. Database connectivity: Python provides interfaces required to connect to all major databases like Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, and others.
Hello World Program In Python Programming Language:
// First Python Program
// print displays the string
print ('Hello World')
5. Javascript Programming Language
JavaScript is the programming language for web users to convert static web pages to dynamic web pages. Web page designed using HTML and CSS is static. JavaScript combined with HTML and CSS makes it dynamic. JavaScript was not originally named as JavaScript. It was created as a scripting language in 1995 over the span of 10 days with the name 'LiveScript'.
The Scripting language is the one that controls the environment in which it runs. But now JavaScript is a full-fledged programming language because of its huge capabilities for developing web applications. It contains core language features like control structures, operators, statements, objects, and functions. JavaScript is an interpreted language. The browser interprets the JavaScript code embedded inside the web page, executes it, and displays the output. It is not compiled to any other form to be executed. All the modern web browsers come along with the JavaScript Engine. This engine takes responsibility for interpreting the JavaScript lines of code. There is absolutely no need to include any file or import any package inside the browser for JavaScript interpretation.
Why Should You Learn Javascript Programming Language? : Javascript is the only programming language that can actually be understood by a web browser. Javascript was created to be the one language that a browser would actually be able to understand, it means you can write JavaScript code and simply open it up in the browser and that browser can parse through the code interpret it and then run the program. Some of the world's most powerful applications are built-in JavaScript.
So if you want to become a developer then this is a great language to learn. JavaScript popular applications such as Gmail, Twitter, Facebook use JavaScript extensively. Facebook have actually come up with their own JavaScript framework. Javascript is used for building out mobile applications, it is also a great language for you to learn in the very early days of smartphone app development. JavaScript that ties in directly to your smartphone API which means you can build an application that can use the camera, check for location all of the things that previously you needed to learn a completely different language for javascript makes that possible.
Feature of Javascript programming language :
1. Object-Centered Script Language: Object Centered Language features built in the object as Java Script has a window object. Some Common Examples of Object Centered languages are JavaScript and Visual Basic etc.
2. Interpreter Centered: Java Script is built with Interpreter Centered which allows the user to get the output without the use of Compiler.
3. Case Sensitive Format: The codes written in Java Script are Case Sensitive which explains that there will be no difference in the output whether the codes are written in Upper Case or Lower Case Format.
4. Handling Events: Java Script has the ability to control operations updated on servers.
Hello World Program In Javascript Programming Language:
// First Javascript Program
// Displays the string
document.write("Hello World!")
Web Technology Languages for Beginner Developers
For the last few decades, web technology undergone a dramatic transition from simple marked-up pages to a specific task in a network without any interruption. Before, there was a time where web pages were primarily used by researchers. Now, social media sites like Facebook, Instagram became a part of our daily routine. It had been done with advancements in mark-up languages, programming languages, and server technology. The methods by which the computers communicate with each other through markup languages and other multimedia packages are known as web technology.
1. HTML
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language, where the hypertext refers to the fact that HTML makes it so that you can click on links in web pages. It is the most fundamental building block for developing web pages. HTML5 is the latest version of HTML used for presenting and structuring the content. The powerful features of HTML5 help the developer to create the greatest web applications with rich and consistent user experience across multiple devices.
HTML structure: So first you can start by learning HTML structure. This is the basic structure of any web page and at the top we have the doctype then we have the head element and then the body element and then you can learn how we put elements inside one another. There are some tags like head, body, div, and many different tags you can learn them all.
2. CSS
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used for styling the HTML elements of a web page. It is used to separate the content and the presentation of the web pages. CSS provides flexibility and helps in maintaining consistency across multiple web pages. Developers choose CSS to describe how HTML elements are to be displayed on the browser. CSS helps in controlling the layout of multiple web pages at once. CSS helps in providing appealing look and feel to the web pages and also loads the web pages quickly.
CSS Box Model: CSS box model is the most important concept of all the CSS. We have padding, margin, and then some width and height of the element so you can learn that or you can just Google CSS box model.
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