Q. Write an algorithm and program to subtract two matrices.

Solution :In this program, you'll learn to subtract two matrices using Nested loop and display it using Nested loop.

Matrices:- A two dimensional(2D) array is known as Matrix. It can have m number of rows and n number of columns where m and n are two integer values.

Matrix Subtraction algorithm

//Algorithm to Subtract Two Matrices.
START
Step 1 ->  Input matrix 1 and matrix 2.
Step 2 ->  If the number of rows and number of columns of matrix 1 and matrix 2 are equal then execute step 3 else subtraction not possible
Step 3 ->  for i=1 to rows[matrix 1]
for j=1 to columns [matrix 1]
Input matrix 1 [i,j]
Input matrix 2 [i,j]
matrix 3 [i,j]= matrix 1 [i,j] - matrix 2 [i,j];
step 4->   Display matrix 3 [i,j];
STOP


Matrices Subtraction Program

  • C
  • C++
  • Java
  • Python
  • C#
  • PHP
    • //Program to subtract Two Matrices In C.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int mat1[2][2], mat2[2][2], sub[2][2], i, j;
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&mat1[i][j]);
scanf("%d",&mat2[i][j]);
sub[i][j]=mat1[i][j]-mat2[i][j];
}
}
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
{printf("%d\t",sub[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

    //Program to subtract Two Matrices In C++.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int mat1[2][2], mat2[2][2], sub[2][2], i, j;
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
{
cin>>mat1[i][j];
cin>>mat2[i][j];
sub[i][j]=mat1[i][j]-mat2[i][j];
}
}
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
{cout<<sub[i][j]<<"\t";
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

    //Program to Subtract Two Matrices In Java.
import java.util.*;
public class Main
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int mat1[][] = new int[2][2];
int mat2[][] = new int[2][2];
int sub[][] = new int[2][2];
int i,j;
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
{
mat1[i][j] = in.nextInt();
mat2[i][j] = in.nextInt();
sub[i][j]=mat1[i][j]-mat2[i][j];
}
}
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
{
System.out.print(sub[i][j]+"\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

    //Program to Subtract Two Matrices In Python.
mat1 = [[2,4],
[6,8]]
mat2 = [[1,3],
[5,7]]
sub = [[0,0],
[0,0]]
for i in range(len(mat1)):
for j in range(len(mat1[0])):
sub[i][j] = mat1[i][j] - mat2[i][j]
for r in sub:
print(r)

    //Program to Subtract Two Matrices In C#.
using System;
public class LFC {
public static void Main() {
int i, j;
int[, ] mat1 = new int[2, 2];
int[, ] mat2 = new int[2, 2];
int[, ] sub = new int[2, 2];
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
{
mat1[i, j] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
mat2[i, j] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
}
}
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
sub[i, j] = mat1[i, j] - mat2[i, j];
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
Console.Write("\n");
for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
Console.Write("{0}\t", sub[i, j]);
}
Console.Write("\n\n");
}
}
    //Program to Subtract Two Matrices In PHP.
<?php
$mat1=array(array());
$mat2=array(array());
$sub=array(array());
$m=2;
$n=1;
for($i=0;$i<2;$i=$i+1)
{
for($j=0;$j<2;$j=$j+1)
{
$mat1[$i][$j]=$m;
echo $mat1[$i][$j]." ";
$m=$m+2;
$mat2[$i][$j]=$n;
echo $mat2[$i][$j]." ";
$n=$n+2;
}
}
echo"<br/>";
for($i=0;$i<2;$i=$i+1)
{
for($j=0;$j<2;$j=$j+1)
{
$sub[$i][$j]=$mat1[$i][$j]-$mat2[$i][$j]; 
echo $sub[$i][$j]." ";
}
}
?>
    //Program to Subtract Two Matrices In C.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int mat1[2][2], mat2[2][2], sub[2][2], i, j;
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&mat1[i][j]);
scanf("%d",&mat2[i][j]);
sub[i][j]=mat1[i][j]-mat2[i][j];
}
}
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
{printf("%d\t",sub[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

    Output

    mat1   mat2
3      2
6      4
9      6
9      8
sum matrix :
1   2
3   1

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